Distributed Systems

  1. Time and Global States
    1. Time in Distributed Systems
      1. Physical Time
        1. UTC and Time Standards
          1. Clock Hardware
            1. Time Representation
            2. Clock Synchronization
              1. Clock Drift
                1. Clock Skew
                  1. Synchronization Accuracy
                  2. Clock Synchronization Algorithms
                    1. Cristian's Algorithm
                      1. Algorithm Steps
                        1. Accuracy Analysis
                        2. Berkeley Algorithm
                          1. Master-Slave Approach
                            1. Fault Tolerance
                            2. Network Time Protocol
                              1. NTP Hierarchy
                                1. NTP Algorithms
                                  1. Accuracy and Precision
                              2. Logical Time
                                1. Causality in Distributed Systems
                                  1. Happened-Before Relation
                                    1. Causal Dependencies
                                      1. Concurrent Events
                                      2. Lamport's Logical Clocks
                                        1. Clock Rules
                                          1. Event Ordering
                                            1. Timestamp Assignment
                                            2. Vector Clocks
                                              1. Vector Clock Operations
                                                1. Causal Relationship Detection
                                                  1. Concurrent Event Detection
                                                    1. Vector Clock Comparison
                                                    2. Matrix Clocks
                                                      1. Global Knowledge Representation
                                                        1. Matrix Operations
                                                      2. Global State
                                                        1. Consistent Global States
                                                          1. State Consistency
                                                            1. Cut Consistency
                                                              1. Reachability
                                                              2. Distributed Snapshots
                                                                1. Snapshot Properties
                                                                  1. Snapshot Applications
                                                                  2. Chandy-Lamport Algorithm
                                                                    1. Algorithm Description
                                                                      1. Marker Propagation
                                                                        1. State Recording
                                                                          1. Termination Detection
                                                                          2. Applications of Global State
                                                                            1. Distributed Debugging
                                                                              1. Deadlock Detection
                                                                                1. Checkpointing

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                                                                            3. Inter-Process Communication

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                                                                            5. Coordination and Agreement