Chemical Reaction Engineering

6.

Catalysis and Catalytic Reactors

6.1.

Catalyst Fundamentals

6.1.1.

Definition and Function

6.1.2.

Types of Catalysts

6.1.2.1.

Homogeneous Catalysts

6.1.2.2.

Heterogeneous Catalysts

6.1.2.3.

6.1.3.

Catalyst Properties

6.1.3.1.

6.1.3.2.

6.1.3.3.

6.1.3.4.

6.1.3.5.

6.2.

Catalyst Preparation and Characterization

6.2.1.

Synthesis Methods

6.2.2.

Characterization Techniques

6.2.3.

Surface Analysis

6.2.4.

Performance Testing

6.3.

Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions

6.3.1.

6.3.1.1.

External Mass Transfer

6.3.1.2.

Internal Diffusion

6.3.1.3.

6.3.1.4.

Surface Reaction

6.3.1.5.

6.3.2.

Rate-Limiting Step Analysis

6.3.3.

6.3.3.1.

Langmuir-Hinshelwood Mechanism

6.3.3.2.

Eley-Rideal Mechanism

6.3.3.3.

Mars-van Krevelen Mechanism

6.4.

Mass Transfer Effects

6.4.1.

External Mass Transfer

6.4.1.1.

6.4.1.2.

Mass Transfer Coefficients

6.4.1.3.

Criteria for Negligibility

6.4.2.

Internal Diffusion

6.4.2.1.

Pore Diffusion Mechanisms

6.4.2.2.

Effective Diffusivity

6.4.2.3.

6.4.3.

Effectiveness Factors

6.4.3.1.

Internal Effectiveness Factor

6.4.3.2.

External Effectiveness Factor

6.4.3.3.

Overall Effectiveness Factor

6.5.

Catalyst Deactivation

6.5.1.

Deactivation Mechanisms

6.5.1.1.

6.5.1.2.

6.5.1.3.

6.5.1.4.

Thermal Degradation

6.5.2.

Deactivation Kinetics

6.5.3.

Regeneration Strategies

6.5.4.

Reactor Design Considerations

6.6.

Catalytic Reactor Design

6.6.1.

Fixed-Bed Reactors

6.6.2.

Fluidized-Bed Reactors

6.6.3.

Moving-Bed Reactors

6.6.4.

Trickle-Bed Reactors

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5. Non-Isothermal Reactor Design

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7. Non-Ideal Flow and Mixing