Bridge Engineering

  1. Loads and Forces on Bridges
    1. Load Classification and Types
      1. Permanent Loads
        1. Dead Load of Structure
          1. Superimposed Dead Loads
            1. Utilities and Attachments
            2. Variable Loads
              1. Vehicular Live Loads
                1. Pedestrian Loads
                  1. Railway Loads
                    1. Construction Loads
                    2. Environmental Loads
                      1. Wind Loads
                        1. Temperature Effects
                          1. Seismic Loads
                            1. Snow and Ice Loads
                            2. Special Loads
                              1. Collision Loads
                                1. Blast Loads
                                  1. Fire Effects
                                2. Vehicular Live Loads
                                  1. Design Vehicle Loads
                                    1. Standard Truck Configurations
                                      1. Permit Vehicle Loads
                                        1. Military Load Classifications
                                        2. Lane Loading
                                          1. Distributed Lane Loads
                                            1. Concentrated Loads
                                              1. Multiple Lane Factors
                                              2. Dynamic Load Allowance
                                                1. Impact Factors
                                                  1. Dynamic Amplification
                                                    1. Fatigue Load Models
                                                  2. Railway Loads
                                                    1. Locomotive Loads
                                                      1. Freight Car Loads
                                                        1. Passenger Car Loads
                                                          1. Load Distribution
                                                            1. Dynamic Effects
                                                              1. Longitudinal Forces
                                                              2. Environmental Load Effects
                                                                1. Wind Load Analysis
                                                                  1. Wind Speed Determination
                                                                    1. Wind Pressure Calculation
                                                                      1. Aerodynamic Coefficients
                                                                        1. Gust Effects
                                                                        2. Temperature Effects
                                                                          1. Uniform Temperature Changes
                                                                            1. Temperature Gradients
                                                                              1. Thermal Stresses
                                                                                1. Expansion Joint Design
                                                                                2. Seismic Load Determination
                                                                                  1. Seismic Hazard Assessment
                                                                                    1. Ground Motion Parameters
                                                                                      1. Response Spectrum Analysis
                                                                                        1. Time History Analysis
                                                                                      2. Other Load Considerations
                                                                                        1. Earth Pressure on Abutments
                                                                                          1. At-Rest Earth Pressure
                                                                                            1. Active Earth Pressure
                                                                                              1. Passive Earth Pressure
                                                                                                1. Surcharge Effects
                                                                                                2. Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Pressure
                                                                                                  1. Stream Flow Forces
                                                                                                    1. Ice Pressure
                                                                                                      1. Centrifugal Forces
                                                                                                        1. Creep and Shrinkage Effects
                                                                                                          1. Prestressing Forces
                                                                                                          2. Load Combinations and Limit States
                                                                                                            1. Service Limit State
                                                                                                              1. Deflection Limits
                                                                                                                1. Crack Control
                                                                                                                  1. Stress Limits
                                                                                                                  2. Strength Limit State
                                                                                                                    1. Ultimate Load Capacity
                                                                                                                      1. Stability Requirements
                                                                                                                      2. Fatigue Limit State
                                                                                                                        1. Fatigue Load Combinations
                                                                                                                          1. Stress Range Calculations
                                                                                                                          2. Extreme Event Limit State
                                                                                                                            1. Seismic Events
                                                                                                                              1. Collision Events
                                                                                                                                1. Flood Events

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                                                                                                                            2. Planning and Site Investigation

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                                                                                                                            4. Structural Analysis of Bridges