Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies

  1. Blockchain Fundamentals
    1. The Concept of a Block
      1. Block Structure Overview
        1. Block Header
          1. Version
            1. Previous Block Hash
              1. Merkle Root
                1. Timestamp
                  1. Nonce
                    1. Difficulty Target
                    2. Block Body
                      1. Transaction Data
                        1. Metadata
                        2. Block Size Considerations
                        3. Chaining Blocks Together
                          1. Linking via Previous Block Hash
                            1. The Role of Hash Pointers
                              1. Chain Integrity
                                1. Genesis Block
                                  1. Definition and Importance
                                    1. Initial Parameters
                                  2. Transactions
                                    1. Structure of a Transaction
                                      1. Inputs
                                        1. Outputs
                                          1. Signatures
                                            1. Metadata
                                              1. Transaction Fees
                                              2. Transaction Lifecycle
                                                1. Creation
                                                  1. Broadcasting
                                                    1. Validation
                                                      1. Confirmation
                                                      2. Transaction Models
                                                        1. UTXO Model
                                                          1. Input and Output Mechanism
                                                            1. Double-Spending Prevention
                                                              1. Coin Selection
                                                              2. Account-Based Model
                                                                1. Account Balances
                                                                  1. State Updates
                                                                    1. Nonce Management
                                                                2. Merkle Trees and Merkle Roots
                                                                  1. Structure of Merkle Trees
                                                                    1. Merkle Root Calculation
                                                                      1. Verifying Data Integrity
                                                                        1. Simplified Payment Verification
                                                                          1. Lightweight Clients
                                                                            1. Proof of Inclusion
                                                                              1. Security Assumptions
                                                                            2. Block Validation and Propagation
                                                                              1. Validation Rules
                                                                                1. Network Propagation
                                                                                  1. Orphan Blocks
                                                                                    1. Chain Reorganization

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                                                                                  3. Introduction to Distributed Ledger Technology

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                                                                                  5. Consensus Mechanisms