Atomic and Molecular Physics
Need for Relativistic Corrections
Order of Magnitude Estimates
Relativistic Kinetic Energy Correction
Spin-Orbit Coupling
Physical Origin
Coupling Strength
Energy Level Splitting
The Darwin Term
Contact Interaction
Physical Interpretation
Fine Structure Constant
Total Fine Structure Energy Shift
j-j Coupling Scheme
Relativistic Wave Equation
Dirac Matrices
Spinor Solutions
Hydrogen Atom Solutions
The Lamb Shift
Vacuum Polarization
Vertex Corrections
Experimental Verification
Nuclear Magnetic Moment
Hyperfine Interaction Hamiltonian
Magnetic Dipole Interaction
Contact Interaction (Fermi Contact)
Hyperfine Energy Splitting
Total Angular Momentum F
The 21 cm Line of Hydrogen
Ground State Hyperfine Transition
Astrophysical Importance
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3. The Hydrogen Atom
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5. Atoms in External Fields