Application Security

  1. Secure Coding Practices
    1. Input Validation and Output Encoding
      1. Input Validation Strategies
        1. Whitelist Validation
          1. Blacklist Validation
            1. Data Type Validation
              1. Length Validation
              2. Output Encoding Techniques
                1. HTML Encoding
                  1. URL Encoding
                    1. JavaScript Encoding
                      1. SQL Encoding
                      2. Context-Aware Encoding
                        1. HTML Context
                          1. JavaScript Context
                            1. CSS Context
                              1. URL Context
                            2. Authentication Implementation
                              1. Password Management
                                1. Secure Password Storage
                                  1. Password Hashing Algorithms
                                    1. Salt Generation
                                      1. Password Complexity Requirements
                                      2. Account Management
                                        1. Account Lockout Mechanisms
                                          1. Password Reset Procedures
                                            1. Account Recovery
                                            2. Multi-Factor Authentication
                                              1. Something You Know
                                                1. Something You Have
                                                  1. Something You Are
                                                    1. Implementation Considerations
                                                  2. Session Management Implementation
                                                    1. Session Token Generation
                                                      1. Cryptographically Secure Random Numbers
                                                        1. Token Entropy Requirements
                                                          1. Token Format Considerations
                                                          2. Session Storage
                                                            1. Server-Side Storage
                                                              1. Client-Side Storage Risks
                                                                1. Distributed Session Management
                                                                2. Session Lifecycle
                                                                  1. Session Creation
                                                                    1. Session Validation
                                                                      1. Session Expiration
                                                                        1. Session Termination
                                                                      2. Access Control Implementation
                                                                        1. Authorization Checks
                                                                          1. Function-Level Authorization
                                                                            1. Data-Level Authorization
                                                                              1. Resource-Level Authorization
                                                                              2. Direct Object Reference Protection
                                                                                1. Indirect Reference Maps
                                                                                  1. Access Control Matrices
                                                                                    1. User-Specific References
                                                                                  2. Cryptographic Implementation
                                                                                    1. Algorithm Selection
                                                                                      1. Symmetric Encryption
                                                                                        1. Asymmetric Encryption
                                                                                          1. Hash Functions
                                                                                            1. Digital Signatures
                                                                                            2. Key Management
                                                                                              1. Key Generation
                                                                                                1. Key Storage
                                                                                                  1. Key Distribution
                                                                                                    1. Key Rotation
                                                                                                    2. Random Number Generation
                                                                                                      1. Cryptographically Secure PRNGs
                                                                                                        1. Entropy Sources
                                                                                                          1. Seeding Strategies
                                                                                                        2. Error Handling and Logging
                                                                                                          1. Secure Error Handling
                                                                                                            1. Generic Error Messages
                                                                                                              1. Error Information Disclosure
                                                                                                                1. Error Recovery
                                                                                                                2. Security Logging
                                                                                                                  1. Log Content Guidelines
                                                                                                                    1. Log Storage Security
                                                                                                                      1. Log Integrity Protection
                                                                                                                        1. Log Retention Policies

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                                                                                                                    4. Secure Design and Architecture

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                                                                                                                    6. Language-Specific Security Considerations