Apache Cassandra

Apache Cassandra is an open-source, distributed NoSQL database management system designed to handle massive amounts of data across many commodity servers, providing high availability with no single point of failure. Its decentralized, masterless architecture ensures robust fault tolerance and linear scalability, allowing the system to grow simply by adding more nodes to a cluster. As a wide-column store, Cassandra is optimized for extremely high write throughput and is particularly well-suited for big data applications, real-time data processing, and services requiring constant uptime.

  1. Introduction to NoSQL and Distributed Databases
    1. Understanding NoSQL
      1. Definition and Overview of NoSQL
        1. Evolution from Traditional Databases
          1. Limitations of Relational Databases
            1. Fixed Schema Constraints
              1. Vertical Scaling Limitations
                1. ACID Transaction Overhead
                  1. Join Operation Complexity
                    1. Normalization Challenges at Scale
                    2. Core Principles of NoSQL
                      1. Schema Flexibility
                        1. Horizontal Scalability
                          1. High Availability
                            1. Distributed Architecture
                              1. BASE Properties
                              2. Benefits of NoSQL
                                1. Handling Large Volumes of Data
                                  1. Support for Unstructured Data
                                    1. Support for Semi-Structured Data
                                      1. Cost-Effectiveness
                                        1. Rapid Development Cycles
                                          1. Geographic Distribution
                                        2. Types of NoSQL Databases
                                          1. Key-Value Stores
                                            1. Data Model Characteristics
                                              1. Common Use Cases
                                                1. Strengths and Advantages
                                                  1. Limitations and Drawbacks
                                                  2. Document Stores
                                                    1. Data Model Characteristics
                                                      1. Common Use Cases
                                                        1. Strengths and Advantages
                                                          1. Limitations and Drawbacks
                                                          2. Wide-Column Stores
                                                            1. Data Model Characteristics
                                                              1. Common Use Cases
                                                                1. Strengths and Advantages
                                                                  1. Limitations and Drawbacks
                                                                  2. Graph Databases
                                                                    1. Data Model Characteristics
                                                                      1. Common Use Cases
                                                                        1. Strengths and Advantages
                                                                          1. Limitations and Drawbacks
                                                                        2. Distributed Systems Concepts
                                                                          1. The CAP Theorem
                                                                            1. Consistency
                                                                              1. Strong Consistency
                                                                                1. Eventual Consistency
                                                                                  1. Weak Consistency
                                                                                  2. Availability
                                                                                    1. Definition and Importance
                                                                                      1. High Availability Requirements
                                                                                      2. Partition Tolerance
                                                                                        1. Network Partitioning
                                                                                          1. Split-Brain Scenarios
                                                                                          2. CAP Trade-offs in Practice
                                                                                          3. The PACELC Theorem
                                                                                            1. Extension of CAP
                                                                                              1. Latency Considerations
                                                                                                1. Impact on System Design
                                                                                                2. Distributed System Challenges
                                                                                                  1. Network Failures
                                                                                                    1. Node Failures
                                                                                                      1. Data Consistency
                                                                                                        1. Clock Synchronization
                                                                                                        2. High Availability and Fault Tolerance
                                                                                                          1. Redundancy Strategies
                                                                                                            1. Failover Mechanisms
                                                                                                              1. Data Replication
                                                                                                                1. Load Distribution
                                                                                                                2. Scalability Patterns
                                                                                                                  1. Vertical Scaling
                                                                                                                    1. Horizontal Scaling
                                                                                                                      1. Sharding Strategies
                                                                                                                        1. Trade-offs and Considerations

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                                                                                                                    2. Fundamentals of Apache Cassandra