Aircraft Design and Structures

  1. Aircraft Design Process
    1. Conceptual Design Phase
      1. Mission Profile Definition
        1. Civil Mission Requirements
          1. Military Mission Requirements
            1. Payload Requirements
              1. Range and Endurance Requirements
                1. Speed and Altitude Requirements
                  1. Takeoff and Landing Constraints
                    1. Environmental Considerations
                      1. Noise Considerations
                      2. Initial Sizing and Weight Estimation
                        1. Takeoff Weight Buildup
                          1. Payload Weight
                            1. Crew Weight
                              1. Passenger Weight
                                1. Fuel Weight
                                  1. Empty Weight
                                  2. Fuel Fraction Method
                                    1. Empty Weight Fraction Method
                                      1. Sensitivity Analysis
                                      2. Configuration Layout and Trade Studies
                                        1. Wing Configuration Options
                                          1. High Wing Configuration
                                            1. Mid Wing Configuration
                                              1. Low Wing Configuration
                                                1. Variable Geometry Wings
                                                2. Tail Configuration Options
                                                  1. Conventional Tail
                                                    1. T-tail Configuration
                                                      1. V-tail Configuration
                                                        1. Canard Configuration
                                                        2. Propulsion System Placement
                                                          1. Wing-mounted Engines
                                                            1. Fuselage-mounted Engines
                                                              1. Pusher Arrangements
                                                                1. Tractor Arrangements
                                                                2. Fuselage Shape and Layout
                                                                  1. Landing Gear Arrangement
                                                                  2. Initial Aerodynamic Considerations
                                                                    1. Lift-to-Drag Ratio Estimation
                                                                      1. Wing Loading
                                                                        1. Thrust-to-Weight Ratio
                                                                          1. Initial Stability Assessment
                                                                        2. Preliminary Design Phase
                                                                          1. Airfoil and Wing Design
                                                                            1. Airfoil Selection
                                                                              1. Subsonic Airfoils
                                                                                1. Transonic Airfoils
                                                                                  1. Supersonic Airfoils
                                                                                  2. Wing Planform Geometry
                                                                                    1. Aspect Ratio
                                                                                      1. Taper Ratio
                                                                                        1. Sweep Angle
                                                                                          1. Dihedral Angle
                                                                                            1. Anhedral Angle
                                                                                            2. High-Lift Devices
                                                                                              1. Flap Systems
                                                                                                1. Slat Systems
                                                                                                  1. Spoiler Systems
                                                                                                    1. Leading Edge Devices
                                                                                                  2. Fuselage Design
                                                                                                    1. Cross-Section Shape
                                                                                                      1. Circular Cross-Section
                                                                                                        1. Oval Cross-Section
                                                                                                          1. Double-Bubble Cross-Section
                                                                                                          2. Layout and Internal Arrangement
                                                                                                            1. Passenger Arrangement
                                                                                                              1. Cargo Arrangement
                                                                                                                1. Cockpit Placement
                                                                                                                  1. Systems Routing
                                                                                                                2. Empennage Design
                                                                                                                  1. Horizontal Stabilizer Sizing
                                                                                                                    1. Vertical Stabilizer Sizing
                                                                                                                      1. Control Surfaces
                                                                                                                        1. Elevator Design
                                                                                                                          1. Rudder Design
                                                                                                                            1. Trim Tab Design
                                                                                                                          2. Propulsion System Integration
                                                                                                                            1. Engine Selection
                                                                                                                              1. Turbofan Engines
                                                                                                                                1. Turboprop Engines
                                                                                                                                  1. Piston Engines
                                                                                                                                    1. Electric Propulsion
                                                                                                                                    2. Inlet and Nozzle Design
                                                                                                                                      1. Inlet Placement
                                                                                                                                        1. Inlet Shape
                                                                                                                                          1. Nozzle Types
                                                                                                                                          2. Nacelle Integration
                                                                                                                                          3. Landing Gear Design
                                                                                                                                            1. Configuration Types
                                                                                                                                              1. Tricycle Configuration
                                                                                                                                                1. Taildragger Configuration
                                                                                                                                                  1. Tandem Configuration
                                                                                                                                                  2. Retraction Mechanisms
                                                                                                                                                    1. Load Paths and Attachment Points
                                                                                                                                                      1. Ground Clearance Requirements
                                                                                                                                                        1. Ground Stability
                                                                                                                                                        2. Performance Analysis and Optimization
                                                                                                                                                          1. Takeoff Performance
                                                                                                                                                            1. Landing Performance
                                                                                                                                                              1. Climb Performance
                                                                                                                                                                1. Cruise Performance
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Range Calculations
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Endurance Calculations
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Maneuverability Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Design Variable Sensitivity
                                                                                                                                                                        2. Stability and Control Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Static Stability
                                                                                                                                                                            1. Longitudinal Stability
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Lateral Stability
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Directional Stability
                                                                                                                                                                                2. Dynamic Stability
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Damping Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Oscillatory Modes
                                                                                                                                                                                3. Detail Design Phase
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Structural Layout
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Primary Structure Definition
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Secondary Structure Definition
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Load Path Definition
                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Systems Integration
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Flight Control Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Mechanical Linkages
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Fly-by-Wire Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Hydraulic Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Actuators
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Reservoirs
                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Lines and Fittings
                                                                                                                                                                                                    2. Pneumatic Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Electrical Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Power Generation
                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Power Distribution
                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Wiring Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Connectors
                                                                                                                                                                                                              2. Avionics Integration
                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Communication Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Flight Management Systems
                                                                                                                                                                                                                2. Manufacturing and Assembly Considerations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Tooling Requirements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Assembly Sequences
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Tolerances
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Quality Control
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2. Design for Maintainability and Reliability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Access for Inspection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Access for Repair
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Redundancy Features
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Fail-Safe Features
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Life Cycle Cost Considerations

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Introduction to Aircraft Design and Structures

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                              3. Fundamentals of Aircraft Structures