Law of definite proportions
In chemistry, the law of definite proportions, sometimes called Proust's law, or law of constant composition states that a given chemical compound always contains its component elements in fixed ratio
Formulation
Formulation is a term used in various senses in various applications, both the material and the abstract or formal. Its fundamental meaning is the putting together of components in appropriate relatio
Ecological stoichiometry
Ecological stoichiometry (more broadly referred to as biological stoichiometry) considers how the balance of energy and elements influences living systems. Similar to chemical stoichiometry, ecologica
Limiting reagent
The limiting reagent (or limiting reactant or limiting agent) in a chemical reaction is a reactant that is totally consumed when the chemical reaction is completed. The amount of product formed is lim
Relative atomic mass
Relative atomic mass (symbol: Ar; sometimes abbreviated RAM or r.a.m.), also known by the deprecated synonym atomic weight, is a dimensionless physical quantity defined as the ratio of the average mas
Equivalent (chemistry)
An equivalent (symbol: officially equiv; unofficially but often Eq) is the amount of a substance that reacts with (or is equivalent to) an arbitrary amount (typically one mole) of another substance in
Conversion (chemistry)
Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering. They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normall
Mole map (chemistry)
In chemistry, the mole map is a graphical representation of an algorithm that compares molar mass, number of particles per mole, and factors from balanced equations or other formulae.
* v
* t
* e
Law of multiple proportions
In chemistry, the law of multiple proportions states that if two elements form more than one compound, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first
Atomic mass
The atomic mass (ma or m) is the mass of an atom. Although the SI unit of mass is the kilogram (symbol: kg), atomic mass is often expressed in the non-SI unit dalton (symbol: Da) – equivalently, unifi
System size expansion
The system size expansion, also known as van Kampen's expansion or the Ω-expansion, is a technique pioneered by Nico van Kampen used in the analysis of stochastic processes. Specifically, it allows on
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry /ˌstɔɪkiˈɒmɪtri/ refers to the relationship between the quantities of reactants and products before, during, and following chemical reactions. Stoichiometry is founded on the law of cons
Law of reciprocal proportions
The law of reciprocal proportions also called law of equivalent proportions or law of permanent ratios is one of the basic laws of stoichiometry. It relates the proportions in which elements combine a
Hydrophosphination
Hydrophosphination is the insertion of a carbon-carbon multiple bond into a phosphorus-hydrogen bond forming a new phosphorus-carbon bond. Like other hydrofunctionalizations, the rate and regiochemist
Standard atomic weight
The standard atomic weight of a chemical element (symbol Ar°(E) for element "E") is the weighted arithmetic mean of the relative isotopic masses of all isotopes of that element weighted by each isotop
Atom economy
Atom economy (atom efficiency/percentage) is the conversion efficiency of a chemical process in terms of all atoms involved and the desired products produced. The simplest definition was introduced by
Yield (chemistry)
In chemistry, yield, also referred to as reaction yield, is a measure of the quantity of moles of a product formed in relation to the reactant consumed, obtained in a chemical reaction, usually expres
Equivalent weight
In chemistry, equivalent weight (also known as gram equivalent) is the mass of one equivalent, that is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another sub
Atomicity (chemistry)
Atomicity is defined as the total number of atoms present in a molecule. For example, each molecule of oxygen (O2) is composed of two oxygen atoms. Therefore, atomicity of oxygen is 2. In older contex
Chemical equation
A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and chemical formulas. The reactant entities are given on the left-hand side and the product entities o