Integer sequences | Classes of prime numbers

Primorial prime

In mathematics, a primorial prime is a prime number of the form pn# ± 1, where pn# is the primorial of pn (i.e. the product of the first n primes). Primality tests show that pn# − 1 is prime for n = 2, 3, 5, 6, 13, 24, ... (sequence in the OEIS)pn# + 1 is prime for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, ... (sequence in the OEIS) The first term of the second sequence is 0 because p0# = 1 is the empty product, and thus p0# + 1 = 2, which is prime. Similarly, the first term of the first sequence is not 1, because p1# = 2, and 2 − 1 = 1 is not prime. The first few primorial primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 29, 31, 211, 2309, 2311, 30029, 200560490131, 304250263527209, 23768741896345550770650537601358309 (sequence in the OEIS) As of October 2021, the largest known primorial prime (of the form pn# − 1) is 3267113# − 1 (n = 234,725) with 1,418,398 digits, found by the PrimeGrid project. As of 2022, the largest known prime of the form pn# + 1 is 392113# + 1 (n = 33,237) with 169,966 digits, found in 2001 by Daniel Heuer. Euclid's proof of the infinitude of the prime numbers is commonly misinterpreted as defining the primorial primes, in the following manner: Assume that the first n consecutive primes including 2 are the only primes that exist. If either pn# + 1 or pn# − 1 is a primorial prime, it means that there are larger primes than the nth prime (if neither is a prime, that also proves the infinitude of primes, but less directly; each of these two numbers has a remainder of either p − 1 or 1 when divided by any of the first n primes, and hence all its prime factors are larger than pn). (Wikipedia).

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Related pages

Factorial prime | PrimeGrid | Prime number | Primality test | Mathematics | Mathematical proof | Euclid number | Euclid | Empty product | Primorial