Set theory | Philosophy of mathematics

Controversy over Cantor's theory

In mathematical logic, the theory of infinite sets was first developed by Georg Cantor. Although this work has become a thoroughly standard fixture of classical set theory, it has been criticized in several areas by mathematicians and philosophers. Cantor's theorem implies that there are sets having cardinality greater than the infinite cardinality of the set of natural numbers. Cantor's argument for this theorem is presented with one small change. This argument can be improved by using a definition he gave later. The resulting argument uses only five axioms of set theory. Cantor's set theory was controversial at the start, but later became largely accepted. Most modern mathematics textbooks implicitly use Cantor's views on mathematical infinity. For example, a line is generally presented as the infinite set of its points, and it is commonly taught that there are more real numbers than rational numbers (see cardinality of the continuum). (Wikipedia).

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Computability and problems with Set theory | Math History | NJ Wildberger

We look at the difficulties and controversy surrounding Cantor's Set theory at the turn of the 20th century, and the Formalist approach to resolving these difficulties. This program of Hilbert was seriously disrupted by Godel's conclusions about Inconsistency of formal systems. Nevertheles

From playlist MathHistory: A course in the History of Mathematics

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Cantor's theorem, formally proven

In this video we're going to give an explicit proof of Cantor's theorem and also go a little deeper in understanding the offending set in the famous diagonal construction employed here. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor%27s_theorem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor%27s_diagonal_argu

From playlist Logic

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Problems with the Calculus | Math History | NJ Wildberger

We discuss some of the controversy and debate generated by the 17th century work on Calculus. Newton and Leibniz's ideas were not universally accepted as making sense, despite the impressive, even spectacular achievements that the new theory was able to demonstrate. In this lecture we di

From playlist MathHistory: A course in the History of Mathematics

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What is the Riemann Hypothesis?

This video provides a basic introduction to the Riemann Hypothesis based on the the superb book 'Prime Obsession' by John Derbyshire. Along the way I look at convergent and divergent series, Euler's famous solution to the Basel problem, and the Riemann-Zeta function. Analytic continuation

From playlist Mathematics

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Alister McGrath - Atheism's Best Arguments?

Free access Closer to Truth's library of 5,000 videos: http://bit.ly/2UufzC7 Atheism fields two kinds of arguments denying the existence of God: arguments that refute so-called 'proofs' of God's existence and arguments that affirmatively support the truth claims of atheism. This first see

From playlist Atheism's Best Arguments? - CTT Interview Series

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Why infinite sets don't exist | Arithmetic and Geometry Math Foundations 16 | N J Wildberger

Historically mathematicians have been careful to avoid treating `infinite sets'. After G. Cantor's work in the late 1800's, the position changed dramatically. Here I start the uphill battle to convince you that talking about`infinite sets' is just that---talk, not mathematics. The paradoxe

From playlist Math Foundations

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(Part 1) The Palamite Controversy: A Thomistic Analysis by Fr. Peter Totleben, O.P.

A reading of the introduction and chapter 1 (The history of the Palamite controversy) of "The Palamite Controversy: A Thomistic Analysis" by Peter Totleben, O.P. https://www.academia.edu/35580908/The_Palamite_Controversy_A_Thomistic_Analysis

From playlist Palamas and Thomism

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Real Analysis Ep 6: Countable vs uncountable

Episode 6 of my videos for my undergraduate Real Analysis course at Fairfield University. This is a recording of a live class. This episode is about countable and uncountable sets, Cantor's theorem, and the continuum hypothesis. Class webpage: http://cstaecker.fairfield.edu/~cstaecker/c

From playlist Math 3371 (Real analysis) Fall 2020

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NUMBERS: "∞" infinity, The ladder of Heaven | Five numbers that changed the world | Cool Math

NUMBERS - secrets of Math. Mathematics is shrouded behind a veil and does not easily reveal itself. Students resort to rote memorization of math formulas to solve problems in a boring exercise of the mind that is also repetitive. However, if you knew the history of mathematics, the way the

From playlist Civilization

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Infinity: The Science of Endless

"The infinite! No other question has ever moved so profoundly the spirit of man," said David Hilbert, one of the most influential mathematicians of the 19th century. A subject extensively studied by philosophers, mathematicians, and more recently, physicists and cosmologists, infinity stil

From playlist Explore the World Science Festival

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"Counting Past Infinity" in All Spatial Dimensions

In this video, I explain the history behind infinity and briefly cover infinitesimals to construct infinite spatial dimensions. Sometimes I think more about my videos after posting them, these are my Post-Thoughts: * I originally had designed this video as follows: null set = 0th Dimens

From playlist Summer of Math Exposition Youtube Videos

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Infinite Sets and Foundations (Joel David Hamkins) | Ep. 17

Joel David Hamkins is a Professor of Logic with appointments in Philosophy and Mathematics at Oxford University. His main interest is in set theory. We discuss the field of set theory: what it can say about infinite sets and which issues are unresolved, and the relation of set theory to ph

From playlist Daniel Rubin Show, Full episodes

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Real Analysis Ep 5: Cardinality

Episode 5 of my videos for my undergraduate Real Analysis course at Fairfield University. This is a recording of a live class. This episode is cardinality of sets. Class webpage: http://cstaecker.fairfield.edu/~cstaecker/courses/2020f3371/ Chris Staecker webpage: http://faculty.fairfiel

From playlist Math 3371 (Real analysis) Fall 2020

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Fundamentals of Mathematics - Lecture 28: Left and Right Inverses and the Axiom of Choice

Course Page: https://www.uvm.edu/~tdupuy/logic/Math52-Fall2017.html videography - Eric Melton UVM

From playlist Fundamentals of Mathematics

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Number theory and algebra in Asia (a) | Math History | NJ Wildberger

After the later Alexandrian mathematicians Ptolemy and Diophantus, Greek mathematics went into decline and the focus shifted eastward. This lecture discusses some aspects of Chinese, Indian and Arab mathematics, in particular the interest in number theory: Pell's equation, the Chinese rema

From playlist MathHistory: A course in the History of Mathematics

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What's so wrong with the Axiom of Choice ?

One of the Zermelo- Fraenkel axioms, called axiom of choice, is remarkably controversial. It links to linear algebra and several paradoxes- find out what is so strange about it ! (00:22) - Math objects as sets (00:54) - What axioms we use ? (01:30) - Understanding axiom of choice (03:2

From playlist Something you did not know...

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A History of the Infinite

Professor Adrian Moore journeys through philosophical thought on infinity over the last two and a half thousand years. This comes from a BBC radio series. For a good introduction to the philosophy of mathematics, check out: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UhX1ouUjDHE 00:00 Horror of the I

From playlist Logic & Philosophy of Mathematics

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Metric Spaces - Lectures 11 & 12: Oxford Mathematics 2nd Year Student Lecture

For the first time we are making a full Oxford Mathematics Undergraduate lecture course available. Ben Green's 2nd Year Metric Spaces course is the first half of the Metric Spaces and Complex Analysis course. This is the 6th of 11 videos. The course is about the notion of distance. You ma

From playlist Oxford Mathematics Student Lectures - Metric Spaces

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Number theory and algebra in Asia (b) | Math History | NJ Wildberger

After the later Alexandrian mathematicians Ptolemy and Diophantus, Greek mathematics went into decline and the focus shifted eastward. This lecture discusses some aspects of Chinese, Indian and Arab mathematics, in particular the interest in number theory (Pell's equation, the Chinese rema

From playlist MathHistory: A course in the History of Mathematics

Related pages

Richard Dedekind | Set theory | Axiom of pairing | Solomon Feferman | Gottlob Frege | Infinite set | Axiom of infinity | Axiom of extensionality | Carl Friedrich Gauss | Hume's principle | Line (geometry) | David Hilbert | Cardinality of the continuum | Logical truth | Sequence | Proof by contradiction | Axiom of power set | Real analysis | Limit (mathematics) | Real number | Cantor's theorem | Subset | Leopold Kronecker | Calculus | Ludwig Wittgenstein | Hermann Weyl | Mathematical logic | Irrational number | Cardinality | Intuitionism | Cantor's diagonal argument | Power set